In experimental animals, deficiency of protein or some of the essential amino acids are known to induce anaemia which is curable with protein. In dogs, made anaemic by bleeding, haemoglobin regeneration appears to be accelerated by dietary protein.
In humans, however, protein deficiency unless its very severe may not cause any significant anaemia. Haemoglobin has got a high priority for available protein and under conditions of protein deficiency, haemoglobin formation proceeds in preference to formation of proteins in plasma and tissues. Anaemia of protein deficiency occurs mostly in the poor in association with generalised malnutrition resulting from dietary inadequacy. Though its particularly common in young children with kwashiorkor and in pregnant women, older children, adult males and non-pregnant females may also be affected. Clinically such patients show signs of protein malnutrition. Wasting, however, may not be a prominent feature as the calorie content is not always low, though the diet lacks in protein. The liver is often palpable, though the spleen is usually not.
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