The term ‘anaemia in pregnancy’ refers to all forms of anaemia encountered during pregnancy. This term includes anaemias occurring independently of pregnancy and also anaemias precipitated or caused by pregnancy. The term ‘anaemia of pregnancy’ is, however, used in a more restricted sense and is applicable only to those types which appear for the first time during pregnancy and are directly precipitated or caused by the pregnancy. Thus anaemia in pregnant women may be either direct consequence of pregnancy or just an associated condition perhaps unmasked by the pregnancy.
Pregnancy is regarded as a physiological process. In normal pregnancy, a healthy woman with adequate haemopoietic reserve should not usually show any anaemia. But even under normal conditions, certain physiological adjustments regularly takes place to meet the increased metabolic demands which are consequent on or conditioned by pregnancy. These physiological adjustments do not ordinarily entail any significant strain on maternal haematopoiesis. Under unfavorable circumstances, however, these changes may not only deplete the maternal reserve but may also predispose to or precipitate anaemia.
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